HEAP (Min Heap)
Ok its been a long time i have posted here , but the Data Structure i am
gonna discuss today is one of the most frequently used Data Structure . Its called a HEAP or a priority queue . Its a DS in which the data is stored
depending on the priority set by the user.
So the fact i am gonna use here is thatdepending on the priority set by the user.
the element at the root should be less than both of its left and right child
and the binary should be a complete binary tree.
So to implement such kind of a DS we actually do not need to implement the binary tree , we can make a wise use of array as :
Inserting an element:
- In the Shuffleup operation, the value of a position,is compared with that the value of its parent.
- If the value is smaller than its parent, then they are swapped.
- This is done until either value is bigger than the value at its parent or we have reached the root.
Deleting an Element:
- This is done by first relocating it to the root,satisfying the complete binary tree property.
- This relocation may however violate the heap invariant.
- To restore the heap invariant, we perform what is known as Shuffle-Down.
- In Shuffle-Down, analogous to Shuffle-Up, we move the element down the tree until its value is at most the value of any of its children.
- Every time the value at a node X is bigger than the value of either of its children, the smallest child and X are swapped.
I x ( insert integer x in heap )
D ( Delete the minimum element from heap )
P ( Print the heap )